Top 12 Information Security Consultant Skills to Put on Your Resume
In an era where digital threats are constantly evolving, the role of an Information Security Consultant has become paramount in safeguarding an organization's data integrity. Highlighting a robust set of skills on your resume can significantly enhance your marketability, demonstrating to potential employers your capability to navigate the complex landscape of cybersecurity challenges effectively.
Information Security Consultant Skills
- CISSP
- CISM
- Penetration Testing
- ISO 27001
- Risk Assessment
- Incident Response
- Firewall Management
- SIEM Tools
- Cryptography
- Network Security
- Cloud Security
- GDPR Compliance
1. CISSP
CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional) is a globally recognized certification in the field of information security, offered by (ISC)². It validates an individual's expertise in designing, implementing, and managing a cybersecurity program.
Why It's Important
The CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional) certification is important for an Information Security Consultant because it demonstrates a high level of expertise and credibility in information security, encompassing a broad range of topics from risk management to security engineering, making them more valuable to employers and clients seeking to protect their digital assets.
How to Improve CISSP Skills
To improve your CISSP (Certified Information Systems Security Professional) skills and knowledge as an Information Security Consultant, focus on the following short and concise strategies:
Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest security trends and practices through resources like ISC².
Practice Tests: Regularly take practice tests available on platforms like Boson and Pearson VUE.
Networking: Engage with other professionals through forums and groups such as LinkedIn CISSP Groups.
Read Widely: Diversify your knowledge by reading core materials like the CISSP All-in-One Exam Guide and staying updated with publications from NIST.
Practical Experience: Apply your knowledge in real-world scenarios. Work on projects that challenge your skills and understanding.
Cybersecurity Courses: Enroll in advanced cybersecurity courses on platforms like Cybrary and Coursera.
Attend Workshops and Webinars: Participate in CISSP workshops and webinars offered by ISC² for firsthand insights and updates.
Utilize CISSP Study Apps: Use mobile apps like CISSP Practice Test 2023 Edition for convenient study.
By incorporating these strategies, you can significantly enhance your CISSP proficiency, keeping you ahead in the field of Information Security.
How to Display CISSP Skills on Your Resume
2. CISM
CISM (Certified Information Security Manager) is a globally recognized certification for information security management professionals, focusing on designing, managing, and overseeing an enterprise's information security program.
Why It's Important
CISM (Certified Information Security Manager) is crucial for an Information Security Consultant as it validates their expertise in managing and governing an organization’s information security program, ensuring they are equipped to align security practices with business goals, manage risks effectively, and establish a robust security posture.
How to Improve CISM Skills
Improving your Certified Information Security Manager (CISM) skills involves a blend of continuous learning, practical experience, and engagement with the cybersecurity community. Here's a concise guide to help an Information Security Consultant enhance their CISM proficiency:
Stay Updated: Regularly read cybersecurity publications and follow updates from authoritative sources to keep abreast of the latest trends, threats, and technologies.
- ISACA: For official CISM updates and cybersecurity trends.
- The Hacker News: For the latest cybersecurity news and threats.
Engage with the Community: Join forums and groups where cybersecurity professionals gather to share insights, challenges, and solutions.
- ISACA Engage: Interact with peers and join discussions on various topics.
- Reddit r/cybersecurity: A community for cybersecurity discussions and networking.
Continuing Professional Education (CPE): Participate in CPE activities to enhance your skills and meet the CISM certification renewal requirements.
- ISACA CPE Policy: Understand CPE requirements and how to report them.
Practical Experience: Apply your knowledge in real-world scenarios. Engage in projects that challenge your skills and broaden your experience.
Certification and Training: Consider advanced certifications and specialized training to deepen your expertise in areas of interest.
- SANS Institute: Offers advanced cybersecurity training and certifications.
- Cybrary: Provides online cybersecurity and IT training courses.
Mentorship and Networking: Connect with experienced professionals who can provide guidance, mentorship, and career advice.
- LinkedIn: Utilize LinkedIn to network with other professionals and join cybersecurity groups.
Contribute to the Community: Share your knowledge by writing articles, speaking at conferences, or volunteering in cybersecurity initiatives.
- Medium: A platform to write and share articles on cybersecurity.
- Local ISACA Chapters: Find your local chapter for volunteering and speaking opportunities.
By following these steps and actively seeking opportunities to grow, an Information Security Consultant can significantly enhance their CISM credentials and contribute more effectively to the cybersecurity community.
How to Display CISM Skills on Your Resume
3. Penetration Testing
Penetration testing is a simulated cyber attack against your computer system to check for exploitable vulnerabilities. For information security consultants, it is a critical method to identify, assess, and strengthen the security posture of an organization's IT infrastructure.
Why It's Important
Penetration testing is crucial as it proactively identifies and helps remediate vulnerabilities in systems and networks, ensuring the security of sensitive data and preventing unauthorized access or breaches, thus maintaining trust and compliance for organizations.
How to Improve Penetration Testing Skills
Improving penetration testing skills involves continuous learning, practical experience, and staying updated with the latest security trends and tools. Here’s a concise guide on how to enhance your penetration testing abilities:
Stay Informed: Regularly read security blogs and research publications to stay up-to-date with the latest vulnerabilities, techniques, and tools.
Certifications: Pursue industry-recognized certifications like OSCP, CEH, or GWAPT to validate your skills and learn structured penetration testing methodologies.
Hands-on Practice: Utilize virtual labs and CTF challenges to practice real-world scenarios. Regular practice on platforms like Hack The Box or TryHackMe improves your problem-solving skills.
Networking: Join security forums and attend conferences to connect with other professionals, share knowledge, and learn from their experiences.
Tool Proficiency: Master the use of penetration testing tools such as Metasploit, Nmap, and Burp Suite. Follow their official documentation and explore new plugins and scripts to extend their capabilities.
Programming Skills: Improve your programming and scripting skills in languages such as Python, Bash, or PowerShell. Automate routine tasks and develop custom tools to fit your needs.
Soft Skills: Enhance your reporting and communication skills. Accurate and understandable report writing is crucial for conveying findings to clients or stakeholders.
By following these steps and actively engaging with the cybersecurity community, you can significantly improve your penetration testing skills and contribute more effectively to the security posture of the organizations you serve.
How to Display Penetration Testing Skills on Your Resume
4. ISO 27001
ISO 27001 is an international standard for information security management systems (ISMS), providing a framework for implementing, maintaining, and continually improving information security based on risk assessments.
Why It's Important
ISO 27001 is crucial as it provides a systematic approach for managing and protecting an organization's information through risk management processes, thereby ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. This enhances trust with clients and gives a competitive advantage to the Information Security Consultant.
How to Improve ISO 27001 Skills
Improving ISO 27001 implementation involves a structured approach focusing on the continuous enhancement of the Information Security Management System (ISMS). Here are key steps for an Information Security Consultant:
- Gap Analysis: Begin by conducting a gap analysis to identify areas of non-conformance and opportunities for improvement.
- Employee Awareness: Enhance security culture through regular training and awareness programs for all employees.
- Risk Assessment & Treatment: Continuously update the risk assessment to identify new threats and vulnerabilities, and implement appropriate risk treatment plans.
- Review and Update Policies: Regularly review and update security policies and procedures to reflect changes in the business or technology landscape.
- Internal Audits: Conduct internal audits regularly to ensure compliance and identify areas for improvement.
- Management Review: Facilitate periodic management review meetings to ensure top management's commitment and to discuss the performance and improvement of the ISMS.
- Continual Improvement: Implement a continual improvement process using the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle to systematically enhance the ISMS.
By following these steps, an Information Security Consultant can help organizations strengthen their ISMS, ensuring compliance with ISO 27001 and enhancing overall information security posture.
How to Display ISO 27001 Skills on Your Resume
5. Risk Assessment
Risk Assessment in the context of an Information Security Consultant involves identifying, analyzing, and evaluating threats, vulnerabilities, and potential impacts to an organization's information assets, with the aim of determining the likelihood and consequences of security incidents, to prioritize and guide appropriate mitigation strategies.
Why It's Important
Risk assessment is crucial for an Information Security Consultant because it identifies and evaluates potential threats and vulnerabilities within an organization's information systems. This process enables the prioritization of security measures, ensuring the effective allocation of resources to protect against data breaches, cyber-attacks, and other security incidents, ultimately safeguarding the organization's data integrity, confidentiality, and availability.
How to Improve Risk Assessment Skills
Improving risk assessment in Information Security involves a multi-faceted approach focusing on identifying vulnerabilities, assessing potential threats, and prioritizing mitigation strategies based on the impact and likelihood of risks. Here’s a concise guide:
Stay Informed: Keep abreast of the latest cybersecurity threats and trends. Resources like the Center for Internet Security (CIS) and SANS Institute offer valuable insights.
Comprehensive Asset Inventory: Ensure you have a detailed inventory of all your information assets. Tools like Nmap can help in discovering active devices on your network.
Vulnerability Assessment: Regularly use tools like OpenVAS for vulnerability scanning to identify and prioritize vulnerabilities.
Threat Modeling: Adopt threat modeling frameworks like STRIDE to systematically identify potential threats and assess the risk they pose.
Risk Analysis Frameworks: Implement risk analysis frameworks such as ISO/IEC 27005 or FAIR (Factor Analysis of Information Risk) to quantify and manage risks effectively.
Security Controls Assessment: Evaluate the effectiveness of your current security controls. The NIST Cybersecurity Framework provides guidelines for managing and reducing cybersecurity risk.
Continuous Monitoring: Use SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) tools like Splunk for real-time monitoring and analysis of security alerts generated by applications and network hardware.
Incident Response Planning: Develop a robust incident response plan using guidance from resources like the NIST Computer Security Incident Handling Guide.
Education and Awareness: Regular training and awareness programs for staff can significantly reduce risk. Consider utilizing materials from Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA).
Third-Party Risk Management: Assess the risk posed by third parties and vendors. Frameworks like the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Consensus Assessments Initiative Questionnaire (CAIQ) can help in evaluating cloud providers.
Each step is integral to enhancing the risk assessment process, ensuring a comprehensive approach to identifying, analyzing, and mitigating information security risks.
How to Display Risk Assessment Skills on Your Resume
6. Incident Response
Incident Response is a structured methodology for handling security breaches or cyber attacks, aiming to manage and mitigate the impact on the organization, and to restore normal operations as quickly as possible.
Why It's Important
Incident Response is crucial as it provides a structured approach for managing and mitigating security breaches or attacks, minimizing damage, and preventing future threats, thereby ensuring business continuity and protecting an organization's reputation.
How to Improve Incident Response Skills
Improving Incident Response (IR) involves a blend of preparation, clear processes, continuous learning, and the use of technology. Here are concise steps tailored for an Information Security Consultant:
Preparation: Establish a comprehensive Incident Response Plan (IRP) that includes roles, communication protocols, and recovery steps.
Team Training: Conduct regular training sessions for the incident response team to ensure they are familiar with the IRP and can perform their roles under pressure.
Simulation and Testing: Regularly simulate attacks (e.g., table-top exercises, red teaming) to test the IRP and team readiness. Use findings to refine the IRP. Red Team Field Manual is a useful resource.
Technology Utilization: Leverage advanced security tools and technologies (e.g., SIEM, SOAR) for real-time threat detection, analysis, and automation of certain IR tasks.
Communication: Ensure clear and efficient internal and external communication during an incident. This includes predefined templates and channels for communication with stakeholders.
After Action Reviews: After resolving an incident, conduct a thorough review to identify what worked well and what didn’t. Document lessons learned and update the IRP accordingly.
Stay Informed: Keep abreast of the latest threats and trends by following trusted cybersecurity news sources and incorporating new findings into your IR strategy.
By continuously refining these steps, an Information Security Consultant can enhance their incident response capabilities effectively.
How to Display Incident Response Skills on Your Resume
7. Firewall Management
Firewall Management involves configuring, maintaining, and monitoring firewall devices and software to protect an organization's network and information assets from unauthorized access, cyber threats, and vulnerabilities, ensuring the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of data.
Why It's Important
Firewall management is crucial as it ensures the effectiveness and reliability of firewall policies, maintaining robust network security by controlling incoming and outgoing traffic, and adapting to evolving threats, thereby protecting an organization's data and resources from unauthorized access and cyber attacks.
How to Improve Firewall Management Skills
Improving firewall management involves several key steps aimed at enhancing security, efficiency, and compliance. As an Information Security Consultant, focus on:
Regular Updates and Patches: Ensure your firewall's firmware and software are up-to-date to protect against the latest threats. Manufacturers often release patches for vulnerabilities.
Policy Review and Optimization: Regularly review and optimize firewall rules to ensure they align with current security policies and business needs. Remove any obsolete or redundant rules to minimize complexity and improve performance. SANS Firewall Checklist
Secure Configuration: Follow best practices for firewall configuration to minimize vulnerabilities. This includes disabling unnecessary services, configuring DMZs, and enforcing least privilege access. NIST Guidelines on Firewalls and Firewall Policy
Network Segmentation: Use the firewall to segment the network into zones of trust to limit the spread of breaches and to implement security policies effectively. Cisco Guide to Network Segmentation
Audit and Compliance: Perform regular audits of firewall configurations and logs to ensure compliance with internal policies and external regulations. Tools for automated compliance checks can streamline this process. ISACA Guide to Auditing Network Security
Continuous Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring of firewall logs to detect and respond to suspicious activities in real-time. Utilize SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) systems for enhanced analysis and alerting. Gartner Market Guide for SIEM
Training and Awareness: Educate staff about the importance of firewall management and best practices to ensure policies are effectively implemented and maintained. SANS Training for Network Security
Incident Response Plan: Have a clear incident response plan that includes procedures for responding to firewall breaches or failures. This ensures quick recovery and minimization of damage. NIST Computer Security Incident Handling Guide
Leverage Advanced Technologies: Consider next-generation firewalls (NGFWs) that offer advanced features like integrated intrusion prevention, SSL inspection, and identity-based policies. Gartner Magic Quadrant for Network Firewalls
Focusing on these areas will significantly improve your organization's firewall management strategy, enhancing overall security posture.
How to Display Firewall Management Skills on Your Resume
8. SIEM Tools
SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) tools are software solutions that aggregate, analyze, and report on security data from across an organization’s IT infrastructure, enabling Information Security Consultants to detect, investigate, and respond to cybersecurity threats and incidents in real-time.
Why It's Important
SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) tools are crucial for Information Security Consultants as they provide centralized, real-time analysis and monitoring of security alerts generated by applications and network hardware, enhancing threat detection, management, and response capabilities.
How to Improve SIEM Tools Skills
Improving Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) tools involves enhancing their efficiency, accuracy, and usability to better meet the needs of information security professionals. Here are concise strategies for SIEM enhancement:
Integration and Automation: Streamline processes by integrating SIEM with other security tools (like IDS/IPS, firewalls, and endpoint protection) for consolidated alerts and automate responses to common threats for faster mitigation. Splunk and IBM QRadar offer robust integration capabilities.
Advanced Analytics and Machine Learning: Implement machine learning algorithms to improve anomaly detection and reduce false positives. This enhances the ability to uncover hidden threats and automate threat detection. LogRhythm and Exabeam are leaders in integrating advanced analytics.
Threat Intelligence Feeds: Integrate real-time threat intelligence feeds to improve the contextual analysis of alerts and enhance decision-making. This helps in identifying and prioritizing potential threats more accurately. Tools like AlienVault USM (now AT&T Cybersecurity) offer built-in threat intelligence.
User and Entity Behavior Analytics (UEBA): Incorporate UEBA to detect anomalies based on user behavior, significantly improving the detection of insider threats and compromised credentials. Rapid7 InsightIDR is noted for its UEBA capabilities.
Compliance Reporting: Enhance SIEM tools with customizable reporting features to easily meet various regulatory compliance requirements, reducing manual effort and ensuring accuracy. SolarWinds Security Event Manager is recognized for its compliance reporting features.
Scalability and Cloud Support: Ensure your SIEM solution can scale with your organization and supports cloud environments, considering the increasing adoption of cloud services. Microsoft Azure Sentinel is a cloud-native SIEM solution offering scalability and flexibility.
User Training and Community Support: Invest in training for security analysts to fully leverage SIEM capabilities and participate in community forums for shared intelligence and best practices. Splunk Community and IBM Security Learning Academy are valuable resources.
Improving SIEM tools involves a multifaceted approach that considers technology integration, advanced analytics, user behavior analysis, and the evolving landscape of threats and compliance requirements.
How to Display SIEM Tools Skills on Your Resume
9. Cryptography
Cryptography is the practice of securing communication and data through encryption and decryption techniques to protect information from unauthorized access, ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity in digital environments.
Why It's Important
Cryptography is crucial for ensuring confidentiality, integrity, and authentication of information, enabling secure communication and data protection against unauthorized access and tampering, which are fundamental aspects in maintaining an organization's information security.
How to Improve Cryptography Skills
Improving cryptography involves enhancing security, efficiency, and adaptability to evolving threats. As an Information Security Consultant, consider the following concise strategies:
Stay Updated: Regularly update your knowledge on the latest cryptographic algorithms and vulnerabilities. NIST provides resources and guidelines on current standards.
Implement Quantum-resistant Algorithms: With quantum computing on the horizon, transitioning to quantum-resistant algorithms is crucial. Explore resources at Quantum-Resistant Cryptography.
Use Layered Security: Implement multiple layers of cryptographic security measures to protect against different attack vectors. This approach, known as defense in depth, enhances overall security.
Regular Audits and Penetration Testing: Conduct regular security audits and penetration testing to identify and mitigate vulnerabilities. Guidelines can be found at OWASP.
Educate and Train: Continuously educate and train stakeholders on secure cryptographic practices and the importance of following security protocols. SANS Institute offers training and resources.
Adopt Secure Key Management Practices: Ensure the secure generation, storage, distribution, and destruction of cryptographic keys. The Key Management Best Practices document by Google Cloud is a useful reference.
Participate in Cryptography Forums and Conferences: Engage with the cryptography community through forums and conferences to stay ahead of emerging threats and solutions. IACR (International Association for Cryptologic Research) is a hub for such activities.
By integrating these strategies, you can significantly enhance the cryptographic security posture within your organization or for your clients.
How to Display Cryptography Skills on Your Resume
10. Network Security
Network security is the practice of implementing measures and protocols to protect the integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility of computer networks and data from unauthorized access, misuse, modification, or denial of service.
Why It's Important
Network security is crucial as it protects against unauthorized access, data breaches, and cyber threats, ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data, which is vital for maintaining trust, compliance, and the seamless operation of business activities.
How to Improve Network Security Skills
Improving network security involves a multi-layered strategy to protect the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information. Here are concise steps for an Information Security Consultant to consider:
Conduct a Risk Assessment: Identify vulnerabilities by assessing the current network infrastructure. NIST Guide for Conducting Risk Assessments offers a comprehensive approach.
Implement Strong Access Control: Ensure that access to network resources is based on the principle of least privilege. Cisco's Access Control Guide provides strategies and solutions.
Use Firewalls and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): Deploy firewalls to filter traffic and IDS to monitor network for suspicious activities. Check Point Firewall Software Blade and Snort IDS are effective solutions.
Secure Wireless Networks: Encrypt wireless networks with WPA3 and disable WPS. Wi-Fi Alliance's WPA3 Security offers insights into wireless security enhancements.
Regularly Update and Patch Systems: Keep all software and hardware up-to-date with the latest patches. Microsoft's Guide on Patch Management is a valuable resource.
Educate and Train Employees: Conduct regular security awareness training to mitigate human error. SANS Security Awareness Training can help develop an informed workforce.
Implement Endpoint Protection: Use antivirus and anti-malware solutions to protect devices connected to the network. Symantec Endpoint Protection is a robust option.
Encrypt Sensitive Data: Ensure data is encrypted both at rest and in transit to prevent unauthorized access. Let's Encrypt offers free SSL/TLS certificates for websites.
Regularly Backup Data: Maintain regular backups and ensure they are stored securely and tested frequently for integrity. Veeam's Backup Solutions provide comprehensive backup options.
Develop an Incident Response Plan: Have a clear, documented plan for responding to security breaches. SANS Incident Response Plan Template can serve as a starting point.
By systematically addressing these areas, an Information Security Consultant can significantly enhance the network security posture of an organization.
How to Display Network Security Skills on Your Resume
11. Cloud Security
Cloud security encompasses policies, technologies, controls, and services designed to protect cloud-based systems, data, and infrastructure from cyber threats, ensuring data privacy, compliance, and reliable access for authorized users.
Why It's Important
Cloud security is crucial because it protects data, applications, and infrastructures involved in cloud computing from threats, ensuring data privacy, regulatory compliance, and business continuity in an increasingly digital and remote work environment.
How to Improve Cloud Security Skills
Improving cloud security involves a multifaceted approach focusing on policies, technologies, and controls designed to protect cloud-based systems, data, and infrastructure. Here are key strategies for an Information Security Consultant:
Adopt a Zero Trust Security Model: Assume no entity is trusted by default, whether inside or outside the network, requiring verification from anyone trying to access resources in your network. Zero Trust Architecture (NIST).
Implement Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Enhance user identity verification by requiring two or more validation factors for accessing cloud services. MFA Guide (CSA).
Encrypt Data at Rest and in Transit: Protect sensitive information by encrypting data whether it's stored or being transmitted. Encryption Best Practices (AWS).
Regularly Conduct Security Assessments and Compliance Audits: Identify vulnerabilities and ensure compliance with industry standards and regulations. Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) Cloud Controls Matrix.
Implement Secure Access Service Edge (SASE): Integrate networking and security solutions into a single, cloud-native service for better security policy enforcement. SASE: The Future of Network and Network Security Services (Gartner).
Use Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM): Continuously monitor and manage the security posture of your cloud environment to prevent misconfigurations and compliance risks. Introduction to CSPM (Cloud Security Alliance).
Educate and Train Staff: Regularly educate team members about the latest security threats and best practices to reduce human errors. Security Awareness Training (SANS).
By implementing these strategies, an Information Security Consultant can significantly enhance the security of cloud environments.
How to Display Cloud Security Skills on Your Resume
12. GDPR Compliance
GDPR Compliance refers to adhering to the General Data Protection Regulation, a legal framework set by the EU to protect personal data and privacy, ensuring organizations implement appropriate security measures to safeguard personal information against unauthorized access, use, or disclosure.
Why It's Important
GDPR compliance is crucial for an Information Security Consultant as it ensures the lawful processing, protection, and privacy of personal data within the EU, mitigating legal risks and enhancing trust with clients by adhering to stringent data protection standards.
How to Improve GDPR Compliance Skills
Improving GDPR compliance involves a series of steps aimed at ensuring personal data is processed in a lawful, fair, and transparent manner. Here's a concise guide aimed at an Information Security Consultant:
Understand GDPR Requirements: Familiarize yourself with the GDPR's key principles and requirements. The official GDPR portal provides a comprehensive overview and resources.
Data Mapping and Analysis: Identify what personal data you process, where it comes from, and who has access to it. Tools like OneTrust can help automate this process.
Conduct a Gap Analysis: Compare your current practices against GDPR requirements to identify compliance gaps. The ICO's checklist is a useful resource for this.
Implement Necessary Changes: Update policies, procedures, and contracts to address the identified gaps. Focus on data protection by design and by default.
Staff Training and Awareness: Ensure all employees are aware of GDPR requirements and their role in compliance. Regular training is essential.
Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIAs): Conduct DPIAs for processing activities that pose a high risk to individuals’ rights and freedoms. The ICO provides guidance on when and how to do them.
Data Breach Response Plan: Have a plan in place for responding to data breaches. The GDPR requires breaches to be reported within 72 hours under certain conditions.
Engage a Data Protection Officer (DPO): If required, appoint a DPO to oversee compliance efforts. The GDPR's guidelines provide criteria for when a DPO is necessary.
Monitor and Review: GDPR compliance is an ongoing process. Regularly review and update your data protection measures.
Use of Encryption and Pseudonymization: Implement appropriate technical measures to secure personal data. Consider using encryption and pseudonymization where feasible.
By following these steps, an Information Security Consultant can significantly improve an organization's GDPR compliance posture. Regular audits and staying informed about regulatory updates are also crucial for maintaining compliance.